More efficient bitsliced rolling Bloom filter

This patch changes the implementation from one that stores 16 2-bit integers
in one uint32_t's, to one that stores the first bit of 64 2-bit integers in
one uint64_t and the second bit in another. This allows for 450x faster
refreshing and 2.2x faster average speed.

src/bloom.cpp

@@ -234,14 +234,18 @@ CRollingBloomFilter::CRollingBloomFilter(unsigned int nElements, double fpRate)
      */
     uint32_t nFilterBits = (uint32_t)ceil(-1.0 * nHashFuncs * nMaxElements / log(1.0 - exp(logFpRate / nHashFuncs)));
     data.clear();
-    /* We store up to 16 'bits' per data element. */
-    data.resize((nFilterBits + 15) / 16);
+    /* For each data element we need to store 2 bits. If both bits are 0, the
+     * bit is treated as unset. If the bits are (01), (10), or (11), the bit is
+     * treated as set in generation 1, 2, or 3 respectively.
+     * These bits are stored in separate integers: position P corresponds to bit
+     * (P & 63) of the integers data[(P >> 6) * 2] and data[(P >> 6) * 2 + 1]. */
+    data.resize(((nFilterBits + 63) / 64) << 1);
     reset();
 }
 
 /* Similar to CBloomFilter::Hash */
-inline unsigned int CRollingBloomFilter::Hash(unsigned int nHashNum, const std::vector<unsigned char>& vDataToHash) const {
-    return MurmurHash3(nHashNum * 0xFBA4C795 + nTweak, vDataToHash) % (data.size() * 16);
+static inline uint32_t RollingBloomHash(unsigned int nHashNum, uint32_t nTweak, const std::vector<unsigned char>& vDataToHash) {
+    return MurmurHash3(nHashNum * 0xFBA4C795 + nTweak, vDataToHash);
 }
 
 void CRollingBloomFilter::insert(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vKey)
@@ -252,18 +256,25 @@ void CRollingBloomFilter::insert(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vKey)
         if (nGeneration == 4) {
             nGeneration = 1;
         }
+        uint64_t nGenerationMask1 = -(uint64_t)(nGeneration & 1);
+        uint64_t nGenerationMask2 = -(uint64_t)(nGeneration >> 1);
         /* Wipe old entries that used this generation number. */
-        for (uint32_t p = 0; p < data.size() * 16; p++) {
-            if (get(p) == nGeneration) {
-                put(p, 0);
-            }
+        for (uint32_t p = 0; p < data.size(); p += 2) {
+            uint64_t p1 = data[p], p2 = data[p + 1];
+            uint64_t mask = (p1 ^ nGenerationMask1) | (p2 ^ nGenerationMask2);
+            data[p] = p1 & mask;
+            data[p + 1] = p2 & mask;
         }
     }
     nEntriesThisGeneration++;
 
     for (int n = 0; n < nHashFuncs; n++) {
-        uint32_t h = Hash(n, vKey);
-        put(h, nGeneration);
+        uint32_t h = RollingBloomHash(n, nTweak, vKey);
+        int bit = h & 0x3F;
+        uint32_t pos = (h >> 6) % data.size();
+        /* The lowest bit of pos is ignored, and set to zero for the first bit, and to one for the second. */
+        data[pos & ~1] = (data[pos & ~1] & ~(((uint64_t)1) << bit)) | ((uint64_t)(nGeneration & 1)) << bit;
+        data[pos | 1] = (data[pos | 1] & ~(((uint64_t)1) << bit)) | ((uint64_t)(nGeneration >> 1)) << bit;
     }
 }
 
@@ -276,8 +287,11 @@ void CRollingBloomFilter::insert(const uint256& hash)
 bool CRollingBloomFilter::contains(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vKey) const
 {
     for (int n = 0; n < nHashFuncs; n++) {
-        uint32_t h = Hash(n, vKey);
-        if (get(h) == 0) {
+        uint32_t h = RollingBloomHash(n, nTweak, vKey);
+        int bit = h & 0x3F;
+        uint32_t pos = (h >> 6) % data.size();
+        /* If the relevant bit is not set in either data[pos & ~1] or data[pos | 1], the filter does not contain vKey */
+        if (!(((data[pos & ~1] | data[pos | 1]) >> bit) & 1)) {
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -295,7 +309,7 @@ void CRollingBloomFilter::reset()
     nTweak = GetRand(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max());
     nEntriesThisGeneration = 0;
     nGeneration = 1;
-    for (std::vector<uint32_t>::iterator it = data.begin(); it != data.end(); it++) {
+    for (std::vector<uint64_t>::iterator it = data.begin(); it != data.end(); it++) {
         *it = 0;
     }
 }

src/bloom.h

@@ -135,20 +135,9 @@ private:
     int nEntriesPerGeneration;
     int nEntriesThisGeneration;
     int nGeneration;
-    std::vector<uint32_t> data;
+    std::vector<uint64_t> data;
     unsigned int nTweak;
     int nHashFuncs;
-
-    unsigned int Hash(unsigned int nHashNum, const std::vector<unsigned char>& vDataToHash) const;
-
-    inline int get(uint32_t position) const {
-        return (data[(position >> 4) % data.size()] >> (2 * (position & 0xF))) & 0x3;
-    }
-
-    inline void put(uint32_t position, uint32_t val) {
-        uint32_t& cell = data[(position >> 4) % data.size()];
-        cell = (cell & ~(((uint32_t)3) << (2 * (position & 0xF)))) | (val << (2 * (position & 0xF)));
-    }
 };
 
 #endif // BITCOIN_BLOOM_H

src/test/bloom_tests.cpp

@@ -514,11 +514,14 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(rolling_bloom)
         if (i >= 100)
             BOOST_CHECK(rb1.contains(data[i-100]));
         rb1.insert(data[i]);
+        BOOST_CHECK(rb1.contains(data[i]));
     }
 
     // Insert 999 more random entries:
     for (int i = 0; i < 999; i++) {
-        rb1.insert(RandomData());
+        std::vector<unsigned char> d = RandomData();
+        rb1.insert(d);
+        BOOST_CHECK(rb1.contains(d));
     }
     // Sanity check to make sure the filter isn't just filling up:
     nHits = 0;