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dash/src/serialize.h

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// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2020 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
#ifndef BITCOIN_SERIALIZE_H
#define BITCOIN_SERIALIZE_H
#include <compat/endian.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <ios>
#include <limits>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <string.h>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <prevector.h>
#include <span.h>
/**
* The maximum size of a serialized object in bytes or number of elements
* (for eg vectors) when the size is encoded as CompactSize.
*/
static constexpr uint64_t MAX_SIZE = 0x02000000;
/** Maximum amount of memory (in bytes) to allocate at once when deserializing vectors. */
static const unsigned int MAX_VECTOR_ALLOCATE = 5000000;
/**
* Dummy data type to identify deserializing constructors.
*
* By convention, a constructor of a type T with signature
*
* template <typename Stream> T::T(deserialize_type, Stream& s)
*
* is a deserializing constructor, which builds the type by
* deserializing it from s. If T contains const fields, this
* is likely the only way to do so.
*/
struct deserialize_type {};
constexpr deserialize_type deserialize {};
/*
* Lowest-level serialization and conversion.
*/
template<typename Stream> inline void ser_writedata8(Stream &s, uint8_t obj)
{
s.write(AsBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
}
template<typename Stream> inline void ser_writedata16(Stream &s, uint16_t obj)
{
obj = htole16(obj);
s.write(AsBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
}
template<typename Stream> inline void ser_writedata16be(Stream &s, uint16_t obj)
{
obj = htobe16(obj);
s.write(AsBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
}
template<typename Stream> inline void ser_writedata32(Stream &s, uint32_t obj)
{
obj = htole32(obj);
s.write(AsBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
}
template<typename Stream> inline void ser_writedata32be(Stream &s, uint32_t obj)
{
obj = htobe32(obj);
s.write(AsBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
}
template<typename Stream> inline void ser_writedata64(Stream &s, uint64_t obj)
{
obj = htole64(obj);
s.write(AsBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
}
template<typename Stream> inline uint8_t ser_readdata8(Stream &s)
{
uint8_t obj;
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
return obj;
}
template<typename Stream> inline uint16_t ser_readdata16(Stream &s)
{
uint16_t obj;
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
return le16toh(obj);
}
template<typename Stream> inline uint16_t ser_readdata16be(Stream &s)
{
uint16_t obj;
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
return be16toh(obj);
}
template<typename Stream> inline uint32_t ser_readdata32(Stream &s)
{
uint32_t obj;
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
return le32toh(obj);
}
template<typename Stream> inline uint32_t ser_readdata32be(Stream &s)
{
uint32_t obj;
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
return be32toh(obj);
}
template<typename Stream> inline uint64_t ser_readdata64(Stream &s)
{
uint64_t obj;
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&obj, 1}));
return le64toh(obj);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Templates for serializing to anything that looks like a stream,
// i.e. anything that supports .read(Span<std::byte>) and .write(Span<const std::byte>)
//
class CSizeComputer;
enum
{
// primary actions
SER_NETWORK = (1 << 0),
SER_DISK = (1 << 1),
SER_GETHASH = (1 << 2),
};
//! Convert the reference base type to X, without changing constness or reference type.
template<typename X> X& ReadWriteAsHelper(X& x) { return x; }
template<typename X> const X& ReadWriteAsHelper(const X& x) { return x; }
#define READWRITE(...) (::SerReadWriteMany(s, ser_action, __VA_ARGS__))
#define READWRITEAS(type, obj) (::SerReadWriteMany(s, ser_action, ReadWriteAsHelper<type>(obj)))
#define SER_READ(obj, code) ::SerRead(s, ser_action, obj, [&](Stream& s, typename std::remove_const<Type>::type& obj) { code; })
#define SER_WRITE(obj, code) ::SerWrite(s, ser_action, obj, [&](Stream& s, const Type& obj) { code; })
/**
* Implement the Ser and Unser methods needed for implementing a formatter (see Using below).
*
* Both Ser and Unser are delegated to a single static method SerializationOps, which is polymorphic
* in the serialized/deserialized type (allowing it to be const when serializing, and non-const when
* deserializing).
*
* Example use:
* struct FooFormatter {
* FORMATTER_METHODS(Class, obj) { READWRITE(obj.val1, VARINT(obj.val2)); }
* }
* would define a class FooFormatter that defines a serialization of Class objects consisting
* of serializing its val1 member using the default serialization, and its val2 member using
* VARINT serialization. That FooFormatter can then be used in statements like
* READWRITE(Using<FooFormatter>(obj.bla)).
*/
#define FORMATTER_METHODS(cls, obj) \
template<typename Stream> \
static void Ser(Stream& s, const cls& obj) { SerializationOps(obj, s, CSerActionSerialize()); } \
template<typename Stream> \
static void Unser(Stream& s, cls& obj) { SerializationOps(obj, s, CSerActionUnserialize()); } \
template<typename Stream, typename Type, typename Operation> \
static inline void SerializationOps(Type& obj, Stream& s, Operation ser_action) \
/**
* Implement the Serialize and Unserialize methods by delegating to a single templated
* static method that takes the to-be-(de)serialized object as a parameter. This approach
* has the advantage that the constness of the object becomes a template parameter, and
* thus allows a single implementation that sees the object as const for serializing
* and non-const for deserializing, without casts.
*/
#define SERIALIZE_METHODS(cls, obj) \
template<typename Stream> \
void Serialize(Stream& s) const \
{ \
static_assert(std::is_same<const cls&, decltype(*this)>::value, "Serialize type mismatch"); \
Ser(s, *this); \
} \
template<typename Stream> \
void Unserialize(Stream& s) \
{ \
static_assert(std::is_same<cls&, decltype(*this)>::value, "Unserialize type mismatch"); \
Unser(s, *this); \
} \
FORMATTER_METHODS(cls, obj)
// clang-format off
#ifndef CHAR_EQUALS_INT8
template <typename Stream> void Serialize(Stream&, char) = delete; // char serialization forbidden. Use uint8_t or int8_t
#endif
template <typename Stream> void Serialize(Stream& s, std::byte a) { ser_writedata8(s, uint8_t(a)); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, int8_t a ) { ser_writedata8(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, uint8_t a ) { ser_writedata8(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, int16_t a ) { ser_writedata16(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, uint16_t a) { ser_writedata16(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, int32_t a ) { ser_writedata32(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, uint32_t a) { ser_writedata32(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, int64_t a ) { ser_writedata64(s, a); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, uint64_t a) { ser_writedata64(s, a); }
template<typename Stream, int N> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, const char (&a)[N]) { s.write(MakeByteSpan(a)); }
template<typename Stream, int N> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, const unsigned char (&a)[N]) { s.write(MakeByteSpan(a)); }
template <typename Stream, typename B> void Serialize(Stream& s, Span<B> span) { (void)/* force byte-type */UCharCast(span.data()); s.write(AsBytes(span)); }
#ifndef CHAR_EQUALS_INT8
template <typename Stream> void Unserialize(Stream&, char) = delete; // char serialization forbidden. Use uint8_t or int8_t
#endif
template <typename Stream> void Unserialize(Stream& s, std::byte& a) { a = std::byte{ser_readdata8(s)}; }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, int8_t& a ) { a = ser_readdata8(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, uint8_t& a ) { a = ser_readdata8(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, int16_t& a ) { a = ser_readdata16(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, uint16_t& a) { a = ser_readdata16(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, int32_t& a ) { a = ser_readdata32(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, uint32_t& a) { a = ser_readdata32(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, int64_t& a ) { a = ser_readdata64(s); }
template<typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, uint64_t& a) { a = ser_readdata64(s); }
template<typename Stream, int N> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, char (&a)[N]) { s.read(MakeWritableByteSpan(a)); }
template<typename Stream, int N> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, unsigned char (&a)[N]) { s.read(MakeWritableByteSpan(a)); }
template <typename Stream, typename B> void Unserialize(Stream& s, Span<B> span) { (void)/* force byte-type */UCharCast(span.data()); s.read(AsWritableBytes(span)); }
template <typename Stream> inline void Serialize(Stream& s, bool a) { uint8_t f = a; ser_writedata8(s, f); }
template <typename Stream> inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, bool& a) { uint8_t f = ser_readdata8(s); a = f; }
// clang-format on
/**
* Compact Size
* size < 253 -- 1 byte
* size <= USHRT_MAX -- 3 bytes (253 + 2 bytes)
* size <= UINT_MAX -- 5 bytes (254 + 4 bytes)
* size > UINT_MAX -- 9 bytes (255 + 8 bytes)
*/
inline unsigned int GetSizeOfCompactSize(uint64_t nSize)
{
if (nSize < 253) return sizeof(unsigned char);
else if (nSize <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) return sizeof(unsigned char) + sizeof(uint16_t);
else if (nSize <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()) return sizeof(unsigned char) + sizeof(unsigned int);
else return sizeof(unsigned char) + sizeof(uint64_t);
}
inline void WriteCompactSize(CSizeComputer& os, uint64_t nSize);
template<typename Stream>
void WriteCompactSize(Stream& os, uint64_t nSize)
{
if (nSize < 253)
{
ser_writedata8(os, nSize);
}
else if (nSize <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max())
{
ser_writedata8(os, 253);
ser_writedata16(os, nSize);
}
else if (nSize <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max())
{
ser_writedata8(os, 254);
ser_writedata32(os, nSize);
}
else
{
ser_writedata8(os, 255);
ser_writedata64(os, nSize);
}
return;
}
/**
* Decode a CompactSize-encoded variable-length integer.
*
* As these are primarily used to encode the size of vector-like serializations, by default a range
* check is performed. When used as a generic number encoding, range_check should be set to false.
*/
template<typename Stream>
uint64_t ReadCompactSize(Stream& is, bool range_check = true)
{
uint8_t chSize = ser_readdata8(is);
uint64_t nSizeRet = 0;
if (chSize < 253)
{
nSizeRet = chSize;
}
else if (chSize == 253)
{
nSizeRet = ser_readdata16(is);
if (nSizeRet < 253)
throw std::ios_base::failure("non-canonical ReadCompactSize()");
}
else if (chSize == 254)
{
nSizeRet = ser_readdata32(is);
if (nSizeRet < 0x10000u)
throw std::ios_base::failure("non-canonical ReadCompactSize()");
}
else
{
nSizeRet = ser_readdata64(is);
if (nSizeRet < 0x100000000ULL)
throw std::ios_base::failure("non-canonical ReadCompactSize()");
}
if (range_check && nSizeRet > MAX_SIZE) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("ReadCompactSize(): size too large");
}
return nSizeRet;
}
/**
* Variable-length integers: bytes are a MSB base-128 encoding of the number.
* The high bit in each byte signifies whether another digit follows. To make
* sure the encoding is one-to-one, one is subtracted from all but the last digit.
* Thus, the byte sequence a[] with length len, where all but the last byte
* has bit 128 set, encodes the number:
*
* (a[len-1] & 0x7F) + sum(i=1..len-1, 128^i*((a[len-i-1] & 0x7F)+1))
*
* Properties:
* * Very small (0-127: 1 byte, 128-16511: 2 bytes, 16512-2113663: 3 bytes)
* * Every integer has exactly one encoding
* * Encoding does not depend on size of original integer type
* * No redundancy: every (infinite) byte sequence corresponds to a list
* of encoded integers.
*
* 0: [0x00] 256: [0x81 0x00]
* 1: [0x01] 16383: [0xFE 0x7F]
* 127: [0x7F] 16384: [0xFF 0x00]
* 128: [0x80 0x00] 16511: [0xFF 0x7F]
* 255: [0x80 0x7F] 65535: [0x82 0xFE 0x7F]
* 2^32: [0x8E 0xFE 0xFE 0xFF 0x00]
*/
/**
* Mode for encoding VarInts.
*
* Currently there is no support for signed encodings. The default mode will not
* compile with signed values, and the legacy "nonnegative signed" mode will
* accept signed values, but improperly encode and decode them if they are
* negative. In the future, the DEFAULT mode could be extended to support
* negative numbers in a backwards compatible way, and additional modes could be
* added to support different varint formats (e.g. zigzag encoding).
*/
enum class VarIntMode { DEFAULT, NONNEGATIVE_SIGNED };
template <VarIntMode Mode, typename I>
struct CheckVarIntMode {
constexpr CheckVarIntMode()
{
static_assert(Mode != VarIntMode::DEFAULT || std::is_unsigned<I>::value, "Unsigned type required with mode DEFAULT.");
static_assert(Mode != VarIntMode::NONNEGATIVE_SIGNED || std::is_signed<I>::value, "Signed type required with mode NONNEGATIVE_SIGNED.");
}
};
template<VarIntMode Mode, typename I>
inline unsigned int GetSizeOfVarInt(I n)
{
CheckVarIntMode<Mode, I>();
int nRet = 0;
while(true) {
nRet++;
if (n <= 0x7F)
break;
n = (n >> 7) - 1;
}
return nRet;
}
template<typename I>
inline void WriteVarInt(CSizeComputer& os, I n);
template<typename Stream, VarIntMode Mode, typename I>
void WriteVarInt(Stream& os, I n)
{
CheckVarIntMode<Mode, I>();
unsigned char tmp[(sizeof(n)*8+6)/7];
int len=0;
while(true) {
tmp[len] = (n & 0x7F) | (len ? 0x80 : 0x00);
if (n <= 0x7F)
break;
n = (n >> 7) - 1;
len++;
}
do {
ser_writedata8(os, tmp[len]);
} while(len--);
}
template<typename Stream, VarIntMode Mode, typename I>
I ReadVarInt(Stream& is)
{
CheckVarIntMode<Mode, I>();
I n = 0;
while(true) {
unsigned char chData = ser_readdata8(is);
if (n > (std::numeric_limits<I>::max() >> 7)) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("ReadVarInt(): size too large");
}
n = (n << 7) | (chData & 0x7F);
if (chData & 0x80) {
if (n == std::numeric_limits<I>::max()) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("ReadVarInt(): size too large");
}
n++;
} else {
return n;
}
}
}
/** TODO: describe FixedBitSet */
inline unsigned int GetSizeOfFixedBitSet(size_t size)
{
return (size + 7) / 8;
}
template<typename Stream>
void WriteFixedBitSet(Stream& s, const std::vector<bool>& vec, size_t size)
{
std::vector<uint8_t> vBytes((size + 7) / 8);
size_t ms = std::min(size, vec.size());
for (size_t p = 0; p < ms; p++)
vBytes[p / 8] |= vec[p] << (p % 8);
s.write(AsBytes(Span{vBytes}));
}
template<typename Stream>
void ReadFixedBitSet(Stream& s, std::vector<bool>& vec, size_t size)
{
vec.resize(size);
std::vector<uint8_t> vBytes((size + 7) / 8);
s.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{vBytes}));
for (size_t p = 0; p < size; p++)
vec[p] = (vBytes[p / 8] & (1 << (p % 8))) != 0;
if (vBytes.size() * 8 != size) {
size_t rem = vBytes.size() * 8 - size;
uint8_t m = ~(uint8_t)(0xff >> rem);
if (vBytes[vBytes.size() - 1] & m) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("Out-of-range bits set");
}
}
}
/**
* Stores a fixed size bitset as a series of VarInts. Each VarInt is an offset from the last entry and the sum of the
* last entry and the offset gives an index into the bitset for a set bit. The series of VarInts ends with a 0.
*/
template<typename Stream>
void WriteFixedVarIntsBitSet(Stream& s, const std::vector<bool>& vec, size_t size)
{
int32_t last = -1;
for (int32_t i = 0; i < (int32_t)vec.size(); i++) {
if (vec[i]) {
WriteVarInt<Stream, VarIntMode::DEFAULT, uint32_t>(s, (uint32_t)(i - last));
last = i;
}
}
WriteVarInt<Stream, VarIntMode::DEFAULT, uint32_t>(s, 0); // stopper
}
template<typename Stream>
void ReadFixedVarIntsBitSet(Stream& s, std::vector<bool>& vec, size_t size)
{
vec.assign(size, false);
int32_t last = -1;
while(true) {
uint32_t offset = ReadVarInt<Stream, VarIntMode::DEFAULT, uint32_t>(s);
if (offset == 0) {
break;
}
int32_t idx = last + offset;
if (idx >= int32_t(size)) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("out of bounds index");
}
if (last != -1 && idx <= last) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("offset overflow");
}
vec[idx] = true;
last = idx;
}
}
/**
* Serializes either as a CFixedBitSet or CFixedVarIntsBitSet, depending on which would give a smaller size
*/
typedef std::pair<std::vector<bool>, size_t> autobitset_t;
struct CFixedBitSet
{
const std::vector<bool>& vec;
size_t size;
CFixedBitSet(const std::vector<bool>& vecIn, size_t sizeIn) : vec(vecIn), size(sizeIn) {}
template<typename Stream>
void Serialize(Stream& s) const { WriteFixedBitSet(s, vec, size); }
};
struct CFixedVarIntsBitSet
{
const std::vector<bool>& vec;
size_t size;
CFixedVarIntsBitSet(const std::vector<bool>& vecIn, size_t sizeIn) : vec(vecIn), size(sizeIn) {}
template<typename Stream>
void Serialize(Stream& s) const { WriteFixedVarIntsBitSet(s, vec, vec.size()); }
};
/* Forward declaration for WriteAutoBitSet */
template <typename T> size_t GetSerializeSize(const T& t, int nVersion = 0);
template<typename Stream>
void WriteAutoBitSet(Stream& s, const autobitset_t& item)
{
auto& vec = item.first;
auto& size = item.second;
assert(vec.size() == size);
size_t size1 = ::GetSerializeSize(CFixedBitSet(vec, size), s.GetVersion());
size_t size2 = ::GetSerializeSize(CFixedVarIntsBitSet(vec, size), s.GetVersion());
assert(size1 == GetSizeOfFixedBitSet(size));
if (size1 < size2) {
ser_writedata8(s, 0);
WriteFixedBitSet(s, vec, vec.size());
} else {
ser_writedata8(s, 1);
WriteFixedVarIntsBitSet(s, vec, vec.size());
}
}
template<typename Stream>
void ReadAutoBitSet(Stream& s, autobitset_t& item)
{
uint8_t isVarInts = ser_readdata8(s);
if (isVarInts != 0 && isVarInts != 1) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("invalid value for isVarInts byte");
}
auto& vec = item.first;
auto& size = item.second;
if (!isVarInts) {
ReadFixedBitSet(s, vec, size);
} else {
ReadFixedVarIntsBitSet(s, vec, size);
}
}
/** Simple wrapper class to serialize objects using a formatter; used by Using(). */
template<typename Formatter, typename T>
class Wrapper
{
static_assert(std::is_lvalue_reference<T>::value, "Wrapper needs an lvalue reference type T");
protected:
T m_object;
public:
explicit Wrapper(T obj) : m_object(obj) {}
template<typename Stream> void Serialize(Stream &s) const { Formatter().Ser(s, m_object); }
template<typename Stream> void Unserialize(Stream &s) { Formatter().Unser(s, m_object); }
};
/** Cause serialization/deserialization of an object to be done using a specified formatter class.
*
* To use this, you need a class Formatter that has public functions Ser(stream, const object&) for
* serialization, and Unser(stream, object&) for deserialization. Serialization routines (inside
* READWRITE, or directly with << and >> operators), can then use Using<Formatter>(object).
*
* This works by constructing a Wrapper<Formatter, T>-wrapped version of object, where T is
* const during serialization, and non-const during deserialization, which maintains const
* correctness.
*/
template<typename Formatter, typename T>
static inline Wrapper<Formatter, T&> Using(T&& t) { return Wrapper<Formatter, T&>(t); }
#define DYNBITSET(obj) Using<DynamicBitSetFormatter>(obj)
#define AUTOBITSET(obj) Using<AutoBitSetFormatter>(obj)
#define VARINT_MODE(obj, mode) Using<VarIntFormatter<mode>>(obj)
#define VARINT(obj) Using<VarIntFormatter<VarIntMode::DEFAULT>>(obj)
#define COMPACTSIZE(obj) Using<CompactSizeFormatter<true>>(obj)
#define LIMITED_STRING(obj,n) Using<LimitedStringFormatter<n>>(obj)
/** TODO: describe DynamicBitSet */
struct DynamicBitSetFormatter
{
template<typename Stream>
void Ser(Stream& s, const std::vector<bool>& vec) const
{
WriteCompactSize(s, vec.size());
WriteFixedBitSet(s, vec, vec.size());
}
template<typename Stream>
void Unser(Stream& s, std::vector<bool>& vec)
{
ReadFixedBitSet(s, vec, ReadCompactSize(s));
}
};
/**
* Serializes either as a CFixedBitSet or CFixedVarIntsBitSet, depending on which would give a smaller size
*/
struct AutoBitSetFormatter
{
template<typename Stream>
void Ser(Stream& s, const autobitset_t& item) const
{
WriteAutoBitSet(s, item);
}
template<typename Stream>
void Unser(Stream& s, autobitset_t& item)
{
ReadAutoBitSet(s, item);
}
};
/** Serialization wrapper class for integers in VarInt format. */
template<VarIntMode Mode>
struct VarIntFormatter
{
template<typename Stream, typename I> void Ser(Stream &s, I v)
{
WriteVarInt<Stream,Mode,typename std::remove_cv<I>::type>(s, v);
}
template<typename Stream, typename I> void Unser(Stream& s, I& v)
{
v = ReadVarInt<Stream,Mode,typename std::remove_cv<I>::type>(s);
}
};
/** Serialization wrapper class for custom integers and enums.
*
* It permits specifying the serialized size (1 to 8 bytes) and endianness.
*
* Use the big endian mode for values that are stored in memory in native
* byte order, but serialized in big endian notation. This is only intended
* to implement serializers that are compatible with existing formats, and
* its use is not recommended for new data structures.
*/
template<int Bytes, bool BigEndian = false>
struct CustomUintFormatter
{
static_assert(Bytes > 0 && Bytes <= 8, "CustomUintFormatter Bytes out of range");
static constexpr uint64_t MAX = 0xffffffffffffffff >> (8 * (8 - Bytes));
template <typename Stream, typename I> void Ser(Stream& s, I v)
{
if (v < 0 || v > MAX) throw std::ios_base::failure("CustomUintFormatter value out of range");
if (BigEndian) {
uint64_t raw = htobe64(v);
s.write({BytePtr(&raw) + 8 - Bytes, Bytes});
} else {
uint64_t raw = htole64(v);
s.write({BytePtr(&raw), Bytes});
}
}
template <typename Stream, typename I> void Unser(Stream& s, I& v)
{
using U = typename std::conditional<std::is_enum<I>::value, std::underlying_type<I>, std::common_type<I>>::type::type;
static_assert(std::numeric_limits<U>::max() >= MAX && std::numeric_limits<U>::min() <= 0, "Assigned type too small");
uint64_t raw = 0;
if (BigEndian) {
s.read({BytePtr(&raw) + 8 - Bytes, Bytes});
v = static_cast<I>(be64toh(raw));
} else {
s.read({BytePtr(&raw), Bytes});
v = static_cast<I>(le64toh(raw));
}
}
};
template<int Bytes> using BigEndianFormatter = CustomUintFormatter<Bytes, true>;
/** Formatter for integers in CompactSize format. */
template<bool RangeCheck>
struct CompactSizeFormatter
{
template<typename Stream, typename I>
void Unser(Stream& s, I& v)
{
uint64_t n = ReadCompactSize<Stream>(s, RangeCheck);
if (n < std::numeric_limits<I>::min() || n > std::numeric_limits<I>::max()) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("CompactSize exceeds limit of type");
}
v = n;
}
template<typename Stream, typename I>
void Ser(Stream& s, I v)
{
static_assert(std::is_unsigned<I>::value, "CompactSize only supported for unsigned integers");
static_assert(std::numeric_limits<I>::max() <= std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), "CompactSize only supports 64-bit integers and below");
WriteCompactSize<Stream>(s, v);
}
};
template<size_t Limit>
struct LimitedStringFormatter
{
template<typename Stream>
void Unser(Stream& s, std::string& v)
{
size_t size = ReadCompactSize(s);
if (size > Limit) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("String length limit exceeded");
}
v.resize(size);
if (size != 0) s.read(MakeWritableByteSpan(v));
}
template<typename Stream>
void Ser(Stream& s, const std::string& v)
{
s << v;
}
};
/** Formatter to serialize/deserialize vector elements using another formatter
*
* Example:
* struct X {
* std::vector<uint64_t> v;
* SERIALIZE_METHODS(X, obj) { READWRITE(Using<VectorFormatter<VarInt>>(obj.v)); }
* };
* will define a struct that contains a vector of uint64_t, which is serialized
* as a vector of VarInt-encoded integers.
*
* V is not required to be an std::vector type. It works for any class that
* exposes a value_type, size, reserve, emplace_back, back, and const iterators.
*/
template<class Formatter>
struct VectorFormatter
{
template<typename Stream, typename V>
void Ser(Stream& s, const V& v)
{
Formatter formatter;
WriteCompactSize(s, v.size());
for (const typename V::value_type& elem : v) {
formatter.Ser(s, elem);
}
}
template<typename Stream, typename V>
void Unser(Stream& s, V& v)
{
Formatter formatter;
v.clear();
size_t size = ReadCompactSize(s);
size_t allocated = 0;
while (allocated < size) {
// For DoS prevention, do not blindly allocate as much as the stream claims to contain.
// Instead, allocate in 5MiB batches, so that an attacker actually needs to provide
// X MiB of data to make us allocate X+5 Mib.
static_assert(sizeof(typename V::value_type) <= MAX_VECTOR_ALLOCATE, "Vector element size too large");
allocated = std::min(size, allocated + MAX_VECTOR_ALLOCATE / sizeof(typename V::value_type));
v.reserve(allocated);
while (v.size() < allocated) {
v.emplace_back();
formatter.Unser(s, v.back());
}
}
};
};
/**
* Forward declarations
*/
/**
* string
*/
template<typename Stream, typename C> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::basic_string<C>& str);
template<typename Stream, typename C> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::basic_string<C>& str);
/**
* prevector
* prevectors of unsigned char are a special case and are intended to be serialized as a single opaque blob.
*/
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const prevector<N, T>& v, const unsigned char&);
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T, typename V> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const prevector<N, T>& v, const V&);
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T> inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const prevector<N, T>& v);
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, prevector<N, T>& v, const unsigned char&);
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T, typename V> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, prevector<N, T>& v, const V&);
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T> inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, prevector<N, T>& v);
/**
* vector
* vectors of unsigned char are a special case and are intended to be serialized as a single opaque blob.
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, const unsigned char&);
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, const bool&);
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A, typename V> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, const V&);
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v);
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, const unsigned char&);
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A, typename V> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, const V&);
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v);
/**
* pair
*/
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::pair<K, T>& item);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::pair<K, T>& item);
/**
* pair
*/
template<typename Stream, typename... Elements> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::tuple<Elements...>& item);
template<typename Stream, typename... Elements> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::tuple<Elements...>& item);
/**
* map
*/
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Pred, typename A> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::map<K, T, Pred, A>& m);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Pred, typename A> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::map<K, T, Pred, A>& m);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::unordered_map<K, T, Hash, Pred, A>& m);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::unordered_map<K, T, Hash, Pred, A>& m);
/**
* set
*/
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Pred, typename A> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::set<K, Pred, A>& m);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Pred, typename A> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::set<K, Pred, A>& m);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::unordered_set<K, Hash, Pred, A>& m);
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::unordered_set<K, Hash, Pred, A>& m);
/**
* shared_ptr
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::shared_ptr<T>& p);
template<typename Stream, typename T> void Unserialize(Stream& os, std::shared_ptr<T>& p);
/**
* unique_ptr
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::unique_ptr<const T>& p);
template<typename Stream, typename T> void Unserialize(Stream& os, std::unique_ptr<const T>& p);
/**
* atomic
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::atomic<T>& a);
template<typename Stream, typename T> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::atomic<T>& a);
/**
* If none of the specialized versions above matched and T is a class, default to calling member function.
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_class<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const T& a)
{
a.Serialize(os);
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_class<std::remove_reference<T> >::value>::type* = nullptr>
inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, T&& a)
{
a.Unserialize(is);
}
/**
* If none of the specialized versions above matched and T is an enum, default to calling
* Serialize/Unserialze with the underlying type. This is only allowed when a specialized struct of is_serializable_enum<Enum>
* is found which derives from std::true_type. This is to ensure that enums are not serialized with the wrong type by
* accident.
*/
template<typename T> struct is_serializable_enum;
template<typename T> struct is_serializable_enum : std::false_type {};
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
inline void Serialize(Stream& s, const T& a )
{
// If you ever get into this situation, it usaully means you forgot to declare is_serializable_enum for the desired enum type
static_assert(is_serializable_enum<T>::value, "Missing declararion of is_serializable_enum");
typedef typename std::underlying_type<T>::type T2;
T2 b = (T2)a;
Serialize(s, b);
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
inline void Unserialize(Stream& s, T& a )
{
// If you ever get into this situation, it usaully means you forgot to declare is_serializable_enum for the desired enum type
static_assert(is_serializable_enum<T>::value, "Missing declararion of is_serializable_enum");
typedef typename std::underlying_type<T>::type T2;
T2 b;
Unserialize(s, b);
a = (T)b;
}
/** Default formatter. Serializes objects as themselves.
*
* The vector/prevector serialization code passes this to VectorFormatter
* to enable reusing that logic. It shouldn't be needed elsewhere.
*/
struct DefaultFormatter
{
template<typename Stream, typename T>
static void Ser(Stream& s, const T& t) { Serialize(s, t); }
template<typename Stream, typename T>
static void Unser(Stream& s, T& t) { Unserialize(s, t); }
};
/**
* string
*/
template<typename Stream, typename C>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::basic_string<C>& str)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, str.size());
if (!str.empty())
os.write(MakeByteSpan(str));
}
template<typename Stream, typename C>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::basic_string<C>& str)
{
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
str.resize(nSize);
if (nSize != 0)
is.read(MakeWritableByteSpan(str));
}
/**
* string_view
*/
template<typename Stream, typename C>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::basic_string_view<C>& str)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, str.size());
if (!str.empty())
os.write(AsBytes(Span{str.data(), str.size() * sizeof(C)}));
}
template<typename Stream, typename C>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::basic_string_view<C>& str)
{
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
str.resize(nSize);
if (nSize != 0)
is.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{str.data(), nSize * sizeof(C)}));
}
/**
* prevector
*/
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T>
void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const prevector<N, T>& v, const unsigned char&)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, v.size());
if (!v.empty())
os.write(MakeByteSpan(v));
}
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T, typename V>
void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const prevector<N, T>& v, const V&)
{
Serialize(os, Using<VectorFormatter<DefaultFormatter>>(v));
}
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T>
inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const prevector<N, T>& v)
{
Serialize_impl(os, v, T());
}
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T>
void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, prevector<N, T>& v, const unsigned char&)
{
// Limit size per read so bogus size value won't cause out of memory
v.clear();
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
unsigned int i = 0;
while (i < nSize)
{
unsigned int blk = std::min(nSize - i, (unsigned int)(1 + 4999999 / sizeof(T)));
v.resize_uninitialized(i + blk);
is.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&v[i], blk}));
i += blk;
}
}
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T, typename V>
void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, prevector<N, T>& v, const V&)
{
Unserialize(is, Using<VectorFormatter<DefaultFormatter>>(v));
}
template<typename Stream, unsigned int N, typename T>
inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, prevector<N, T>& v)
{
Unserialize_impl(is, v, T());
}
/**
* vector
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, const unsigned char&)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, v.size());
if (!v.empty())
os.write(MakeByteSpan(v));
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, const bool&)
{
// A special case for std::vector<bool>, as dereferencing
// std::vector<bool>::const_iterator does not result in a const bool&
// due to std::vector's special casing for bool arguments.
WriteCompactSize(os, v.size());
for (bool elem : v) {
::Serialize(os, elem);
}
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A, typename V>
void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, const V&)
{
Serialize(os, Using<VectorFormatter<DefaultFormatter>>(v));
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v)
{
Serialize_impl(os, v, T());
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, const unsigned char&)
{
// Limit size per read so bogus size value won't cause out of memory
v.clear();
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
unsigned int i = 0;
while (i < nSize)
{
unsigned int blk = std::min(nSize - i, (unsigned int)(1 + 4999999 / sizeof(T)));
v.resize(i + blk);
is.read(AsWritableBytes(Span{&v[i], blk}));
i += blk;
}
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A, typename V>
void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, const V&)
{
Unserialize(is, Using<VectorFormatter<DefaultFormatter>>(v));
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v)
{
Unserialize_impl(is, v, T());
}
/**
* pair
*/
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::pair<K, T>& item)
{
Serialize(os, item.first);
Serialize(os, item.second);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::pair<K, T>& item)
{
Unserialize(is, item.first);
Unserialize(is, item.second);
}
/**
* tuple
*/
template<typename Stream, int index, typename... Ts>
struct SerializeTuple {
void operator() (Stream&s, std::tuple<Ts...>& t) {
SerializeTuple<Stream, index - 1, Ts...>{}(s, t);
s << std::get<index>(t);
}
};
template<typename Stream, typename... Ts>
struct SerializeTuple<Stream, 0, Ts...> {
void operator() (Stream&s, std::tuple<Ts...>& t) {
s << std::get<0>(t);
}
};
template<typename Stream, int index, typename... Ts>
struct DeserializeTuple {
void operator() (Stream&s, std::tuple<Ts...>& t) {
DeserializeTuple<Stream, index - 1, Ts...>{}(s, t);
s >> std::get<index>(t);
}
};
template<typename Stream, typename... Ts>
struct DeserializeTuple<Stream, 0, Ts...> {
void operator() (Stream&s, std::tuple<Ts...>& t) {
s >> std::get<0>(t);
}
};
template<typename Stream, typename... Elements>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::tuple<Elements...>& item)
{
const auto size = std::tuple_size<std::tuple<Elements...>>::value;
SerializeTuple<Stream, size - 1, Elements...>{}(os, const_cast<std::tuple<Elements...>&>(item));
}
template<typename Stream, typename... Elements>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::tuple<Elements...>& item)
{
const auto size = std::tuple_size<std::tuple<Elements...>>::value;
DeserializeTuple<Stream, size - 1, Elements...>{}(is, item);
}
/**
* map
*/
template<typename Stream, typename Map>
void SerializeMap(Stream& os, const Map& m)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, m.size());
for (const auto& entry : m)
Serialize(os, entry);
}
template<typename Stream, typename Map>
void UnserializeMap(Stream& is, Map& m)
{
m.clear();
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
auto mi = m.begin();
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
{
std::pair<typename std::remove_const<typename Map::key_type>::type, typename std::remove_const<typename Map::mapped_type>::type> item;
Unserialize(is, item);
mi = m.insert(mi, item);
}
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Pred, typename A>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::map<K, T, Pred, A>& m)
{
SerializeMap(os, m);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Pred, typename A>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::map<K, T, Pred, A>& m)
{
UnserializeMap(is, m);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::unordered_map<K, T, Hash, Pred, A>& m)
{
SerializeMap(os, m);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename T, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::unordered_map<K, T, Hash, Pred, A>& m)
{
UnserializeMap(is, m);
}
/**
* set
*/
template<typename Stream, typename Set>
void SerializeSet(Stream& os, const Set& m)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, m.size());
for (auto it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); ++it)
Serialize(os, (*it));
}
template<typename Stream, typename Set>
void UnserializeSet(Stream& is, Set& m)
{
m.clear();
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
auto it = m.begin();
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
{
typename std::remove_const<typename Set::key_type>::type key;
Unserialize(is, key);
it = m.insert(it, key);
}
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Pred, typename A>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::set<K, Pred, A>& m)
{
SerializeSet(os, m);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Pred, typename A>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::set<K, Pred, A>& m)
{
UnserializeSet(is, m);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::unordered_set<K, Hash, Pred, A>& m)
{
SerializeSet(os, m);
}
template<typename Stream, typename K, typename Hash, typename Pred, typename A>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::unordered_set<K, Hash, Pred, A>& m)
{
UnserializeSet(is, m);
}
/**
* list
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::list<T, A>& l)
{
WriteCompactSize(os, l.size());
for (typename std::list<T, A>::const_iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); ++it)
Serialize(os, (*it));
}
template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::list<T, A>& l)
{
l.clear();
unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
{
T val;
Unserialize(is, val);
l.push_back(val);
}
}
/**
* unique_ptr
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T> void
Serialize(Stream& os, const std::unique_ptr<const T>& p)
{
Serialize(os, *p);
}
template<typename Stream, typename T>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::unique_ptr<const T>& p)
{
p.reset(new T(deserialize, is));
}
/**
* shared_ptr
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T> void
Serialize(Stream& os, const std::shared_ptr<T>& p)
{
Serialize(os, *p);
}
template<typename Stream, typename T>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::shared_ptr<T>& p)
{
p = std::make_shared<T>(deserialize, is);
}
/**
* atomic
*/
template<typename Stream, typename T>
void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::atomic<T>& a)
{
Serialize(os, a.load());
}
template<typename Stream, typename T>
void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::atomic<T>& a)
{
T val;
Unserialize(is, val);
a.store(val);
}
/**
* Support for SERIALIZE_METHODS and READWRITE macro.
*/
struct CSerActionSerialize
{
constexpr bool ForRead() const { return false; }
};
struct CSerActionUnserialize
{
constexpr bool ForRead() const { return true; }
};
/* ::GetSerializeSize implementations
*
* Computing the serialized size of objects is done through a special stream
* object of type CSizeComputer, which only records the number of bytes written
* to it.
*
* If your Serialize or SerializationOp method has non-trivial overhead for
* serialization, it may be worthwhile to implement a specialized version for
* CSizeComputer, which uses the s.seek() method to record bytes that would
* be written instead.
*/
class CSizeComputer
{
protected:
size_t nSize;
const int nVersion;
public:
explicit CSizeComputer(int nVersionIn) : nSize(0), nVersion(nVersionIn) {}
void write(Span<const std::byte> src)
{
this->nSize += src.size();
}
/** Pretend _nSize bytes are written, without specifying them. */
void seek(size_t _nSize)
{
this->nSize += _nSize;
}
template<typename T>
CSizeComputer& operator<<(const T& obj)
{
::Serialize(*this, obj);
return (*this);
}
size_t size() const {
return nSize;
}
int GetVersion() const { return nVersion; }
};
template<typename Stream>
void SerializeMany(Stream& s)
{
}
template<typename Stream, typename Arg, typename... Args>
void SerializeMany(Stream& s, const Arg& arg, const Args&... args)
{
::Serialize(s, arg);
::SerializeMany(s, args...);
}
template<typename Stream>
inline void UnserializeMany(Stream& s)
{
}
template<typename Stream, typename Arg, typename... Args>
inline void UnserializeMany(Stream& s, Arg&& arg, Args&&... args)
{
::Unserialize(s, arg);
::UnserializeMany(s, args...);
}
template<typename Stream, typename... Args>
inline void SerReadWriteMany(Stream& s, CSerActionSerialize ser_action, const Args&... args)
{
::SerializeMany(s, args...);
}
template<typename Stream, typename... Args>
inline void SerReadWriteMany(Stream& s, CSerActionUnserialize ser_action, Args&&... args)
{
::UnserializeMany(s, args...);
}
template<typename Stream, typename Type, typename Fn>
inline void SerRead(Stream& s, CSerActionSerialize ser_action, Type&&, Fn&&)
{
}
template<typename Stream, typename Type, typename Fn>
inline void SerRead(Stream& s, CSerActionUnserialize ser_action, Type&& obj, Fn&& fn)
{
fn(s, std::forward<Type>(obj));
}
template<typename Stream, typename Type, typename Fn>
inline void SerWrite(Stream& s, CSerActionSerialize ser_action, Type&& obj, Fn&& fn)
{
fn(s, std::forward<Type>(obj));
}
template<typename Stream, typename Type, typename Fn>
inline void SerWrite(Stream& s, CSerActionUnserialize ser_action, Type&&, Fn&&)
{
}
template<typename I>
inline void WriteVarInt(CSizeComputer &s, I n)
{
s.seek(GetSizeOfVarInt<I>(n));
}
inline void WriteCompactSize(CSizeComputer &s, uint64_t nSize)
{
s.seek(GetSizeOfCompactSize(nSize));
}
template <typename T>
size_t GetSerializeSize(const T& t, int nVersion)
{
return (CSizeComputer(nVersion) << t).size();
}
template <typename... T>
size_t GetSerializeSizeMany(int nVersion, const T&... t)
{
CSizeComputer sc(nVersion);
SerializeMany(sc, t...);
return sc.size();
}
#endif // BITCOIN_SERIALIZE_H
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