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dash/doc/init.md

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Sample init scripts and service configuration for bitcoind

Sample scripts and configuration files for systemd, Upstart and OpenRC can be found in the contrib/init folder.

contrib/init/bitcoind.service:    systemd service unit configuration
contrib/init/bitcoind.openrc:     OpenRC compatible SysV style init script
contrib/init/bitcoind.openrcconf: OpenRC conf.d file
contrib/init/bitcoind.conf:       Upstart service configuration file
contrib/init/bitcoind.init:       CentOS compatible SysV style init script
  1. Service User

All three startup configurations assume the existence of a "bitcoin" user and group. They must be created before attempting to use these scripts.

  1. Configuration

At a bare minimum, bitcoind requires that the rpcpassword setting be set when running as a daemon. If the configuration file does not exist or this setting is not set, bitcoind will shutdown promptly after startup.

This password does not have to be remembered or typed as it is mostly used as a fixed token that bitcoind and client programs read from the configuration file, however it is recommended that a strong and secure password be used as this password is security critical to securing the wallet should the wallet be enabled.

If bitcoind is run with "-daemon" flag, and no rpcpassword is set, it will print a randomly generated suitable password to stderr. You can also generate one from the shell yourself like this:

bash -c 'tr -dc a-zA-Z0-9 < /dev/urandom | head -c32 && echo'

Once you have a password in hand, set rpcpassword= in /etc/bitcoin/bitcoin.conf

For an example configuration file that describes the configuration settings, see contrib/debian/examples/bitcoin.conf.

  1. Paths

All three configurations assume several paths that might need to be adjusted.

Binary: /usr/bin/bitcoind Configuration file: /etc/bitcoin/bitcoin.conf Data directory: /var/lib/bitcoind PID file: /var/run/bitcoind/bitcoind.pid (OpenRC and Upstart) /var/lib/bitcoind/bitcoind.pid (systemd) Lock file: /var/lock/subsys/bitcoind (CentOS)

The configuration file, PID directory (if applicable) and data directory should all be owned by the bitcoin user and group. It is advised for security reasons to make the configuration file and data directory only readable by the bitcoin user and group. Access to bitcoin-cli and other bitcoind rpc clients can then be controlled by group membership.

  1. Installing Service Configuration

4a) systemd

Installing this .service file consists on just copying it to /usr/lib/systemd/system directory, followed by the command "systemctl daemon-reload" in order to update running systemd configuration.

To test, run "systemctl start bitcoind" and to enable for system startup run "systemctl enable bitcoind"

4b) OpenRC

Rename bitcoind.openrc to bitcoind and drop it in /etc/init.d. Double check ownership and permissions and make it executable. Test it with "/etc/init.d/bitcoind start" and configure it to run on startup with "rc-update add bitcoind"

4c) Upstart (for Debian/Ubuntu based distributions)

Drop bitcoind.conf in /etc/init. Test by running "service bitcoind start" it will automatically start on reboot.

NOTE: This script is incompatible with CentOS 5 and Amazon Linux 2014 as they use old versions of Upstart and do not supply the start-stop-daemon utility.

4d) CentOS

Copy bitcoind.init to /etc/init.d/bitcoind. Test by running "service bitcoind start".

Using this script, you can adjust the path and flags to the bitcoind program by setting the BITCOIND and FLAGS environment variables in the file /etc/sysconfig/bitcoind. You can also use the DAEMONOPTS environment variable here.

  1. Auto-respawn

Auto respawning is currently only configured for Upstart and systemd. Reasonable defaults have been chosen but YMMV.